Percussion mechanism

ABSTRACT

A percussion mechanism, for making holes in the ground by compacting the ground, having a housing connected with a working unit and accommodating a striker adapted to deliver impacts upon the working unit while reciprocating inside the housing under the effect of the working fluid; the striker having a tail piece provided with a nozzle through which the working fluid escapes to develop the reactive thrust of the striker, while in the portion of the housing behind the nozzle there is a through opening adapted for the removal of the jet stream, leaving the nozzle.

United States Patent [191 Sudnishnikov et al.

[54] PERCUSSION MECHANISM Inventors: Boris Filed:

Vasilievich Sudnishnikov, Krasny prospekt, 56, kv. 59; AlexanderDmitrievich Kostylev, ulitsa Derzhavina, 19, kv. 44; AnatolyMikhailovich Petreev, ulitsa Sibiryakov-Gvardeitsev, 8, kv. 59;Konstantin Stepanovich Gurkov, ulitsa Dershavina, 19, kv. 68; KonstantinKonstantinovich Tupitsyn, ulitsa Krylova, 3, kv. 37; VladimirVasilievich Klimashko, ulitsa Novogodnyaya, 44, kv. 23, all ofNovosibirsk, U.S.S.R.

Feb. 10, 1971 Appl. No.: 114,115

U.S. Cl. ..l73/l37, 60/6, 60/200,

91/234 Int. Cl. ..B25d 9/14 Field of Search ..91/234; 60/6, 200;

[ 1 May 15, 1973 [56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,440,08212/1922 lnslee ..91/234 X 803,877 ll/l905 Champ 173/136 X 2,001,1905/1935 Ginter ..173/1 34 X Primary ExaminerErnest R. Purser AttorneyHolman & Stern [5 7] ABSTRACT A percussion mechanism, for making holesin the ground by compacting the ground, having a housing connected witha working unit and accommodating a striker adapted to deliver impactsupon the working unit while reciprocating inside the housing under theeffect of the working fluid; the striker having a tail piece providedwith a nozzle through which the working fluid escapes to develop thereactive thrust of the striker, while in the portion of the housingbehind the nozzle there is a through opening adapted for the removal ofthe jet stream, leaving the nozzle.

1 Claim, 1 Drawing Figure space. According to the present invention, thetail 1 PERCUSSION MECHANISM The present invention relates topercussion-action mechanisms for use, in particular, in devices formaking. holes in the ground by compacting the ground, or in powerfulpercussion-action machines designed to be borne in hands or supported bya prop during the operatiori.

There is a well known Prior Art percussion mechanism comprising ahousing connected with a working unit and accommodating in its innerspace, a striker which forms front and rear variable-volume chambers andwhich delivers impacts upon the working unit while reciprocatinginsidethe housing under the effect of the working fluid supplied to thechambers,

In the known mechanism,the reaction of forces accelerating the striker"during the working stroke and stopping it during the return stroke istaken up by the housing.

The value of these forces depends upon the paramegreater the power ofthe percussion mechanism (N Av), the greater the force required forholding the hous ing during its recoil. I

However, the possibility of developing a considerable retaining force islimited. Such is the case when using manual percussion-action machines,as well as machines for making holes in loose ground by way ofcompacting the ground, where the cohesion of the housing with the groundis very low which causes the operation of the mechanism without itsforward movement. In such cases, it is impossible to use powerfulpercussion mechanisms of the known type.

It is an object of the present invention to develop a percussionmechanism providing for a possibility of a rapid increase of its powerat a limited value of the force designed to keep the housing fromwithdrawing.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Generally, the present invention relates to apercussion mechanism which comprises a housing connected with a workingunit and accommodating, in its inner space, a striker adapted to deliverimpacts upon the working unit while reciprocating in the inner spaceunder the effect of working fluid supplied into said piece of a the, isformed with at least one nozzle through which the working fluid escapesto develop the reactive thrust of the striker, while in the portionofthe housing behind .the nozzle there is provided a through opening forthe removal of the working fluid leaving 60 in the mechanism isindependent of theenergy and fre-.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING For a better understanding of thepresent invention, presented hereinbelow is a detailed description of anexemplary embodiment thereof, reference being had to the accompanyingdrawing in which the sole FIGURE is a diagrammatic view partly inelevation and partly in cross section of the present percussionmechanism.

Referring to the drawing, the present percussion mechanism comprises ahousing I accommodatingin its inner space la striker 2 adapted, todeliver, during its reciprocation, impacts upon a working unit 3arranged in the front portion of the housing 1-.

The striker 2 moves under the effect of a working fluid such as airsupplied to the inner space 1a of the housing 1. The striker includes anose portion 2a and a tail portion 217. The nose portion and tailportion are provided withannular recesses 20 and 2d respectively whichcoact with the wall of the inner space Ia to provide chambers 5 and 6which are movable longitudinally with respect to the inner'space la. Theforward end of the nose portion 2a, the rearward end of the working unit3 and the inner space la of the housing 1 are shaped to provide a frontchamber 4.

Provided in the tail portion 2b of the striker 2 is a bore 2e whichcommunicates with a nozzle 7 through which working fluid escapes todevelop the reactive thrust of the striker 2. The movement of thestriker 2 in a direction away from the working unit 3 is limited by areactive force arriving when the working fluid flow out of the nozzle 7.This reactive force stops the striker during the reverse stroke thereofand accelerates its 0 forward stroke towards the working unit 3. Whenthe supply of working fluid is discontinued, the striker 2 is preventedfrom falling out of the housing 1 by a conventional stop which could bea bead located within the inner space of the housing.

For supplying the working fluid to the nozzle 7 of the striker 2, ports8 are provided in the tail portion 2b which provides communicationbetween the chamber 6 and the bore 2e. In the housing 1 provision ismade for two axially spaced ports 9 and 10 which are in permanentcommunication with a main (not shown in the drawing) via which theworking fluid is supplied to the chambers 5 and 6 Also provided in thehousing 1 are two axially spaced ports 11 and 12 serving for the supplyof the working fluid to the front chamberfi, through a conduct 11a and afurther port 13 serving to periodically provide communication betweenthe front chamber 4 and the atmosphere.

In the portion of the housing I behind the nozzle 7, there is a throughopening 14 adapted for the removal of the jet.

The present percussion mechanism operates as follows.

In the drawing, the mechanism is shown at the moment the striker 2delivers an impact upon the working unit 3. During the return stroke ofthe striker as a result of the shift of the chamber 5 with respect tothe port 10 the latter port 10 is by wall covered a portion of thestriker 2 and the supply of the working fluid to the front chamber 4 viaport 10, chamber 5, port 11, conduit 1 la and port 12 is discontinued.

Upon further movement of the striker 2 the port 13 is opened, as aresult of which the working fluid is discharged from the chamber 4 tothe atmosphere. When the chamber 6communicates with the port 9, it ispossible to supply, from the main (not shown in the drawing) the workingfluid to the nozzle 7 via the port 9, the chamber 6, the port 8 and thebore 2e. The working fluid escapes through the nozzle 7 therebydeveloping the reactive thrust and providing for heating the striker 2followed by the striker acceleration in the direction of the workingunit 3 and delivering an impact upon the unit 3.

At the end of the working stroke of the striker 2, the chamber 6 shiftswith respect to the port 9 whereby the port 9 is covered by a portion ofthe outer wall of the striker 2 and the supply of the working fluid tothe nozzle 7 is discontinued.

The chamber is once more placed in communication with the port 10 toprovide for the supply of the working fluid via the ports 11, theconduit 11a and the port 12 to the front chamber 4. Thereupon, the cycleis repeated.

Products of fuel combustion, steam, steam-gas mixture, compressed air,etc. can be used as the energy carrier in the present percussionmechanism.

We claim:

1. A percussion mechanism comprising a housing having an inner space, aworking unit connected with the housing, a striker arranged in the innerspace of the housing for reciprocating movement therein, said strikerhaving a nose portion for coaction with the working unit and a tailportion, said tail portion being provided with a passage disposedparallel to the axis thereof communicating with a nozzle extending tothe rear end of the tail portion, and a means for supplying a workingfluid to the inner space, said nose portion of the striker deliveringimpacts upon the working unit during reciprocation of the striker underthe action of the working fluids supplied into the inner space andflowing through the passage in the tail portion of the striker, theworking fluid leaving the passage via the nozzle and providing for thereactive thrust of the striker, said housing having a through openinglocated rearwardly of the tail portion of the striker for the removal ofthe reactive fluid.

1. A percussion mechanism comprising a housing having an inner space, aworking unit connected with the housing, a striker arranged in the innerspace of the housing for reciprocating movement therein, said strikerhaving a nose portion for coaction with the working unit and a tailportion, said tail portion being provided with a passage disposedparallel to the axis thereof communicating with a nozzle extending tothe rear end of the tail portion, and a means for supplying a workingfluid to the inner space, said nose portion of the striker deliveringimpacts upon the working unit during reciprocation of the striker underthe action of the working fluids supplied into the inner space andflowing through the passage in the tail portion of the striker, theworking fluid leaving the passage via the nozzle and providing for thereactive thrust of the striker, said housing having a through openinglocated rearwardly of the tail portion of the striker for the removal ofthe reactive fluid.